Table 2. Ultrastructurally Characterised Cryptophyte Genera

Genus Biliprotein Position of Nucleomorph Furrow-Gullet System IPC SPC Rhizostyle Additional Features Reference
Baffinella PE566 (or PE545) free combination hexagonal plates ? non-keeled Daugbjerg et al. (2018)
Chroomonas PC630 free? gullet stepped hexagonal plates plates? ? thylakoids traverse pyrenoid matrix Hansgirg (1885), Hoef-Emden (2018)
"Chroomonas", former definition PC645 or PC630 free forked gullet stepped rectangular plates fibrils, plates ? thylakoids traverse pyrenoid matrix Gantt (1971), Santore (1977, 1984)
Cryptomonas (cryptomorph) PE566 free combination polygonal plates fibrils non-keeled dimorphic cultures Ehrenberg (1831, 1832, 1838), Hill (1991a)
Cryptomonas (campylomorph, formerly separate genera Campylomonas and Chilomonas [colourless]) PE566 or leucoplast free combination sheet fibrils keeled dimorphic cultures Ehrenberg (1831, 1832, 1838), Hill (1991a), Hoef-Emden and Melkonian (2003)
Falcomonas PC569 free furrow stepped hexagonal plates fibrils, plates ? Hill (1991b)
Geminigera PE545 embedded in nucleus combination sheet fibrils keeled deeply bilobed plastid with two pyrenoids Hill (1991a)
Goniomonas phagotrophic furrow + cytopharynx longitudinal plates longitudinal plates non-keeled flagella with "spikes" (modified flagellar hairs) and long fibrils; more creeping than swimming von Stein (1878), Mignot (1965), Mignot et al. (1968)
Guillardia PE545 free gullet sheet? longitudinal plates keeled Hill and Whetherbee (1990)
Hanusia PE545 free furrow sheet rosulate scales keeled Deane et al. (1998)
Hemiarma heterotrophic shallow depression large longitudinal plates, covering only part of cell longitudinal plates? ? heterotrophic, creeping along surfaces Shiratori and Ishida (2016)
Hemiselmis PC577, PC612, PC630 or PE555 free short gullet hexagonal plates hexagonal plates non-keeled thylakoids traverse pyrenoid matrix Parke (1949), Santore (1977), Lane and Archibald (2008)
Komma PC645 free gullet stepped hexagonal to rectangular plates plates ? Geitler (1924), Hill (1991b)
Plagioselmis PE545 free furrow hexagonal plates, tail without plates ? ? Butcher (1967), Novarino et al. (1994)
Proteomonas (1n) PE545 free furrow hexagonal plates hexagonal plates non-keeled dimorphic culture Hill and Whetherbee (1986)
Proteomonas (2n) PE545 free furrow sheet fibrils + rosulate scales keeled dimorphic culture Hill and Whetherbee (1986)
Rhinomonas PE545 embedded in pyrenoid gullet hexagonal plates hexagonal plates, fibrils ? Hill and Whetherbee (1988)
Rhodomonas (= Pyrenomonas) PE545 embedded in pyrenoid combination rectangular plates fibrils keeled Karsten (1898), Santore (1984), Hill and Whetherbee (1989)
Storeatula PE545 embedded in pyrenoid gullet sheet fibrils keeled Hill (1991a)
Teleaulax PE545 free furrow sheet fibrils + rosulate scales keeled Hill (1991a)
Urgorri PE545 free furrow sheet ? keeled Laza-Martínez (2012)

Genera sorted in alphabetical order. Additional ultrastructural characters and biliproteins summarized in Clay and Kugrens (1999), Novarino (2003).

(1n), Proteomonas haplomorph; (2n), Proteomonas diplomorph; combination, combination of furrow and gullet; embedded, nucleomorph embedded in pyrenoid matrix; IPC, inner periplast component; keeled, keeled rhizostyle (posteriorly directed microtubular root of the flagellar root system) with wing-like appendages; PC, phycocyanin; PE, phycoerythrin; SPC, surface periplast component; ?, not mentioned or examined.