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Uni Köln
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Mosler > Prof. Mosler > Datenportal
Datenportal des Lehrstuhls für Statistik und Ökonometrie
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Plasma Retinol and Beta-Carotene Levels (M vs F) data
The data set (and description) can be downloaded here:
http://lib.stat.cmu.edu/datasets/Plasma_Retinol
Description:
Determinants of Plasma Retinol and Beta-Carotene Levels
Summary:
Observational studies have suggested that low dietary intake or low plasma
concentrations of retinol, beta-carotene, or other carotenoids might be
associated with increased risk of developing certain types of cancer. However,
relatively few studies have investigated the determinants of plasma
concentrations of these micronutrients. We designed a cross-sectional study to
investigate the relationship between personal characteristics and dietary
factors, and plasma concentrations of retinol, beta-carotene and other
carotenoids. Study subjects (N = 315) were patients who had an elective
surgical procedure during a three-year period to biopsy or remove a lesion of
the lung, colon, breast, skin, ovary or uterus that was found to be non-
cancerous. We display the data for only two of the analytes.
Plasma concentrations of the micronutrients varied widely from subject to
subject. While plasma retinol levels varied by age and sex, the only dietary
predictor was alcohol consumption (R^2 = .38). Plasma beta-carotene levels were
log-transformed prior to the analyses due to severe asymmetry of the residuals
on the original scale. For log beta-carotene, dietary intake, regular use of
vitamins, and intake of fiber were associated with higher plasma
concentrations, while Quetelet Index (defined as weight/height^2 in the
units kg/m^2) and cholesterol intake were associated with lower plasma levels,
adjusting for the other factors (R^2 = .50). There was one extremely high
leverage point in alcohol consumption that was deleted prior to the analyses.
Plasma concentrations of retinol and beta-carotene were not correlated.
We conclude that there is wide variability in plasma concentrations of these
micronutrients in humans, and that much of this variability is associated with
dietary habits and personal characteristics. A better understanding of the
physiological relationship between some personal characteristics and plasma
concentrations of these micronutrients will require further study.
Authorization: Contact Authors
Reference: These data have not been published yet but a related reference is
Nierenberg DW, Stukel TA, Baron JA, Dain BJ, Greenberg ER. Determinants of
plasma levels of beta-carotene and retinol. American Journal of Epidemiology
1989;130:511-521.
Description: This datafile contains 315 observations on 14 variables. This
data set can be used to demonstrate multiple regression, transformations,
categorical variables, outliers, pooled tests of significance and model
building strategies.
Variable Names in order from left to right:
AGE: Age (years)
SEX: Sex (1=Male, 2=Female).
SMOKSTAT: Smoking status (1=Never, 2=Former, 3=Current Smoker)
QUETELET: Quetelet (weight/(height^2))
VITUSE: Vitamin Use (1=Yes, fairly often, 2=Yes, not often, 3=No)
CALORIES: Number of calories consumed per day.
FAT: Grams of fat consumed per day.
FIBER: Grams of fiber consumed per day.
ALCOHOL: Number of alcoholic drinks consumed per week.
CHOLESTEROL: Cholesterol consumed (mg per day).
BETADIET: Dietary beta-carotene consumed (mcg per day).
RETDIET: Dietary retinol consumed (mcg per day)
BETAPLASMA: Plasma beta-carotene (ng/ml)
RETPLASMA: Plasma Retinol (ng/ml)
Therese Stukel
Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center
One Medical Center Dr.
Lebanon, NH 03756
e-mail: stukel@dartmouth.edu
Descriptive statistics:
Dataset= plasma-retinol_MvsF : n= 315 , d= 13
Class1: n= 273
Covariance matrix:
[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7] [,8] [,9] [,10] [,11] [,12]
[1,] 198.6165 -1.7723 -0.1018 -1.0551 -2327.8064 -102.6980 0.0233 -1.5406 -322.5220 1526.1570 -385.9968 362.1767
[2,] -1.7723 0.5047 -0.6205 0.1040 17.8470 1.8199 -0.5001 0.4249 4.9416 -70.5348 -23.1077 -17.7194
[3,] -0.1018 -0.6205 39.1130 0.4658 1.4730 8.3709 -2.6376 -5.3413 94.2549 -167.7267 141.7150 -271.4428
[4,] -1.0551 0.1040 0.4658 0.7141 -48.0791 -0.3902 -0.5429 0.4741 -2.9684 -162.1270 -13.9023 -37.1832
[5,] -2327.8064 17.8470 1.4730 -48.0791 384734.9411 18384.1563 1855.4537 324.7755 53391.5092 256822.6177 156365.6332 1341.3399
[6,] -102.6980 1.8199 8.3709 -0.3902 18384.1563 1099.7870 55.9192 7.5028 3015.9140 8289.3930 8290.7587 -479.0535
[7,] 0.0233 -0.5001 -2.6376 -0.5429 1855.4537 55.9192 29.1920 -0.3492 153.9204 4017.5313 677.7018 261.5437
[8,] -1.5406 0.4249 -5.3413 0.4741 324.7755 7.5028 -0.3492 16.9483 30.1570 72.6635 48.1411 57.3050
[9,] -322.5220 4.9416 94.2549 -2.9684 53391.5092 3015.9140 153.9204 30.1570 15616.3131 25652.9034 29829.0351 -2168.2339
[10,] 1526.1570 -70.5348 -167.7267 -162.1270 256822.6177 8289.3930 4017.5313 72.6635 25652.9034 2334476.5390 33579.1176 73055.9977
[11,] -385.9968 -23.1077 141.7150 -13.9023 156365.6332 8290.7587 677.7018 48.1411 29829.0351 33579.1176 336491.1723 -3199.0205
[12,] 362.1767 -17.7194 -271.4428 -37.1832 1341.3399 -479.0535 261.5437 57.3050 -2168.2339 73055.9977 -3199.0205 35667.1654
[13,] 558.2885 -1.5186 -27.7054 -11.4306 -8707.6677 -728.7558 -44.1735 100.3261 -1846.5768 -2200.2381 -5048.8771 2444.9332
[,13]
[1,] 558.2885
[2,] -1.5186
[3,] -27.7054
[4,] -11.4306
[5,] -8707.6677
[6,] -728.7558
[7,] -44.1735
[8,] 100.3261
[9,] -1846.5768
[10,] -2200.2381
[11,] -5048.8771
[12,] 2444.9332
[13,] 34384.5399
Correlation matrix:
[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7] [,8] [,9] [,10] [,11] [,12] [,13]
[1,] 1.0000 -0.1770 -0.0012 -0.0886 -0.2663 -0.2197 0.0003 -0.0266 -0.1831 0.0709 -0.0472 0.1361 0.2136
[2,] -0.1770 1.0000 -0.1397 0.1733 0.0405 0.0772 -0.1303 0.1453 0.0557 -0.0650 -0.0561 -0.1321 -0.0115
[3,] -0.0012 -0.1397 1.0000 0.0881 0.0004 0.0404 -0.0781 -0.2075 0.1206 -0.0176 0.0391 -0.2298 -0.0239
[4,] -0.0886 0.1733 0.0881 1.0000 -0.0917 -0.0139 -0.1189 0.1363 -0.0281 -0.1256 -0.0284 -0.2330 -0.0729
[5,] -0.2663 0.0405 0.0004 -0.0917 1.0000 0.8937 0.5537 0.1272 0.6888 0.2710 0.4346 0.0115 -0.0757
[6,] -0.2197 0.0772 0.0404 -0.0139 0.8937 1.0000 0.3121 0.0550 0.7277 0.1636 0.4310 -0.0765 -0.1185
[7,] 0.0003 -0.1303 -0.0781 -0.1189 0.5537 0.3121 1.0000 -0.0157 0.2280 0.4867 0.2162 0.2563 -0.0441
[8,] -0.0266 0.1453 -0.2075 0.1363 0.1272 0.0550 -0.0157 1.0000 0.0586 0.0116 0.0202 0.0737 0.1314
[9,] -0.1831 0.0557 0.1206 -0.0281 0.6888 0.7277 0.2280 0.0586 1.0000 0.1344 0.4115 -0.0919 -0.0797
[10,] 0.0709 -0.0650 -0.0176 -0.1256 0.2710 0.1636 0.4867 0.0116 0.1344 1.0000 0.0379 0.2532 -0.0078
[11,] -0.0472 -0.0561 0.0391 -0.0284 0.4346 0.4310 0.2162 0.0202 0.4115 0.0379 1.0000 -0.0292 -0.0469
[12,] 0.1361 -0.1321 -0.2298 -0.2330 0.0115 -0.0765 0.2563 0.0737 -0.0919 0.2532 -0.0292 1.0000 0.0698
[13,] 0.2136 -0.0115 -0.0239 -0.0729 -0.0757 -0.1185 -0.0441 0.1314 -0.0797 -0.0078 -0.0469 0.0698 1.0000
Median: 48.4121 1.6079 26.1474 1.9592 1660.241 71.0967 11.9867 2.1168 218.8946 1845.257 762.5358 179.1529 585.5008
Mean: 48.5458 1.6044 26.1398 1.9194 1741.404 74.4399 12.6923 2.1802 229.2817 2183.385 815.5714 196.2344 587.7216
MCD-estimated:
MDC-0.975-Mean: 50.375 1 26.8033 1.7986 1696.199 71.2604 13.0132 1.5514 222.8243 2177.993 837.3333 210.5694 582.6875
MDC-0.750-Mean: 50.375 1 26.8033 1.7986 1696.199 71.2604 13.0132 1.5514 222.8243 2177.993 837.3333 210.5694 582.6875
MDC-0.500-Mean: 50.375 1 26.8033 1.7986 1696.199 71.2604 13.0132 1.5514 222.8243 2177.993 837.3333 210.5694 582.6875
Class2: n= 42
Covariance matrix:
[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7] [,8] [,9] [,10] [,11] [,12]
[1,] 181.4245 -0.9443 -12.4492 2.1702 -2396.8749 -165.9288 18.8383 -6.6621 -587.3524 1522.0598 558.6028 169.8943
[2,] -0.9443 0.4669 0.3744 0.0139 245.3296 9.7547 -0.5613 6.0645 30.4523 -71.1916 60.4843 -5.5610
[3,] -12.4492 0.3744 17.4570 -0.1883 52.3534 18.1485 -4.0964 -6.7845 33.3975 662.5698 -85.1862 -126.9544
[4,] 2.1702 0.0139 -0.1883 0.8322 153.2136 4.1440 -0.2502 4.1692 18.0107 47.9448 4.9373 -34.3008
[5,] -2396.8749 245.3296 52.3534 153.2136 840091.9042 24558.1660 352.7373 23800.6013 62769.7074 159125.0174 151185.9997 -12573.6854
[6,] -165.9288 9.7547 18.1485 4.1440 24558.1660 1132.6428 -1.6284 400.8875 2559.7627 -510.9510 5712.7355 -345.6764
[7,] 18.8383 -0.5613 -4.0964 -0.2502 352.7373 -1.6284 23.4593 -13.0869 -254.8901 2375.2923 584.2369 58.0293
[8,] -6.6621 6.0645 -6.7845 4.1692 23800.6013 400.8875 -13.0869 990.2048 1346.9528 4880.3214 1239.3355 -415.6333
[9,] -587.3524 30.4523 33.3975 18.0107 62769.7074 2559.7627 -254.8901 1346.9528 21150.8345 638.6726 54979.8160 -5546.3772
[10,] 1522.0598 -71.1916 662.5698 47.9448 159125.0174 -510.9510 2375.2923 4880.3214 638.6726 1149452.4628 126991.1916 -19639.1626
[11,] 558.6028 60.4843 -85.1862 4.9373 151185.9997 5712.7355 584.2369 1239.3355 54979.8160 126991.1916 412507.7352 -11450.6098
[12,] 169.8943 -5.5610 -126.9544 -34.3008 -12573.6854 -345.6764 58.0293 -415.6333 -5546.3772 -19639.1626 -11450.6098 17848.9593
[13,] 27.7567 17.6690 297.0079 -9.2224 -63623.7233 -2038.6172 -158.2669 -1154.8765 -12491.0595 -18998.4082 -38613.1080 9508.4715
[,13]
[1,] 27.7567
[2,] 17.6690
[3,] 297.0079
[4,] -9.2224
[5,] -63623.7233
[6,] -2038.6172
[7,] -158.2669
[8,] -1154.8765
[9,] -12491.0595
[10,] -18998.4082
[11,] -38613.1080
[12,] 9508.4715
[13,] 94746.2468
Correlation matrix:
[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7] [,8] [,9] [,10] [,11] [,12] [,13]
[1,] 1.0000 -0.1026 -0.2212 0.1766 -0.1941 -0.3660 0.2888 -0.0157 -0.2998 0.1054 0.0646 0.0944 0.0067
[2,] -0.1026 1.0000 0.1311 0.0224 0.3917 0.4242 -0.1696 0.2820 0.3064 -0.0972 0.1378 -0.0609 0.0840
[3,] -0.2212 0.1311 1.0000 -0.0494 0.0137 0.1291 -0.2024 -0.0516 0.0550 0.1479 -0.0317 -0.2274 0.2309
[4,] 0.1766 0.0224 -0.0494 1.0000 0.1832 0.1350 -0.0566 0.1452 0.1358 0.0490 0.0084 -0.2814 -0.0328
[5,] -0.1941 0.3917 0.0137 0.1832 1.0000 0.7961 0.0795 0.8252 0.4709 0.1619 0.2568 -0.1027 -0.2255
[6,] -0.3660 0.4242 0.1291 0.1350 0.7961 1.0000 -0.0100 0.3785 0.5230 -0.0142 0.2643 -0.0769 -0.1968
[7,] 0.2888 -0.1696 -0.2024 -0.0566 0.0795 -0.0100 1.0000 -0.0859 -0.3619 0.4574 0.1878 0.0897 -0.1062
[8,] -0.0157 0.2820 -0.0516 0.1452 0.8252 0.3785 -0.0859 1.0000 0.2943 0.1447 0.0613 -0.0989 -0.1192
[9,] -0.2998 0.3064 0.0550 0.1358 0.4709 0.5230 -0.3619 0.2943 1.0000 0.0041 0.5886 -0.2855 -0.2790
[10,] 0.1054 -0.0972 0.1479 0.0490 0.1619 -0.0142 0.4574 0.1447 0.0041 1.0000 0.1844 -0.1371 -0.0576
[11,] 0.0646 0.1378 -0.0317 0.0084 0.2568 0.2643 0.1878 0.0613 0.5886 0.1844 1.0000 -0.1334 -0.1953
[12,] 0.0944 -0.0609 -0.2274 -0.2814 -0.1027 -0.0769 0.0897 -0.0989 -0.2855 -0.1371 -0.1334 1.0000 0.2312
[13,] 0.0067 0.0840 0.2309 -0.0328 -0.2255 -0.1968 -0.1062 -0.1192 -0.2790 -0.0576 -0.1953 0.2312 1.0000
Median: 60.7933 1.77 26.7048 2.3766 2052.904 94.4469 13.0218 5.8379 323.7696 2055.033 861.7127 134.7425 694.0945
Mean: 60.5476 1.8571 26.2714 2.2619 2155.786 93.8905 13.4143 10.4238 328.1238 2200.024 944.1429 148.6667 700.7381
MCD-estimated:
MDC-0.975-Mean: 65.1429 1.8571 26.7504 2.3571 1927.593 87.6893 13.875 3.3607 289.8286 2134.036 841.25 132.9286 694.5357
MDC-0.750-Mean: 63.75 1.8214 25.8926 2.4643 1975.646 90.1 13.8536 3.5893 308.4857 2108.714 861.6429 126.3214 711.5357
MDC-0.500-Mean: 62.9032 1.7419 25.8072 2.3871 2028.552 91.9161 13.9419 5.671 307.3903 2161.129 853.5161 121.1613 708.7419
Measures:
Mah.Dist: 1.6405
Mah.Dist-MCD-0.975: 3.1499
Mah.Dist-MCD-0.750: 2.8962
Mah.Dist-MCD-0.500: 3.1253
All the MCD estimates have been obtained after a slight perturbation of the data set
Zuletzt geändert am 17.02.2013
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